Introduction
The heart’s electrical signal normally passes from the atria to the ventricles. In heart block, this signal is delayed or blocked. There are several types, ranging from minor changes found incidentally to more significant block that can cause a slow heartbeat, dizziness, breathlessness or blackouts.
Assessment and treatment choices
The ECG pattern indicates the type of block, but it may be intermittent. A monitor can help match symptoms with a rhythm change, while an echocardiogram and blood tests may be used when there is a need to assess the wider heart or reversible contributors.
Minor conduction changes may only need observation. More advanced block, particularly when linked to symptoms or pauses, can be an indication for a pacemaker. The reason for any recommendation should be explained clearly.
Key points
- An ECG identifies the type of conduction delay or block.
- A monitor, echocardiogram or other tests may be used to understand the context.
- Higher-grade symptomatic block may require treatment with a pacemaker.
Patient note
“The word ‘block’ sounds alarming, but not every conduction change needs treatment. The ECG pattern and your symptoms guide the decision.”
Questions about heart block
What type of heart block is present, and is it constant or intermittent? Do symptoms correlate with a documented slow rate or pause? Could a medicine or another health condition be contributing, and should medication be reviewed?
FAQ
Can heart block cause fainting?
Some forms can cause a very slow rate or pauses, which may lead to dizziness or blackouts. Sudden or severe symptoms need urgent assessment.